Tuesday 15 April 2014

The Influence of Names: Is Your Name Unintentionally Holding You Back?

Whilst researching for my dissertation I became fixated with youth unemployment, it is a problem that affects my friends and myself. 'What will we do after university?' is a frequent question that often has a resolute, parrot-fashion or panicked response. 

Tangentially I became interested in capitalism as a concept. Why am I jumping through all these hoops of education to gain pieces of paper that resemble lumps of shiny metal that someone in the pre-historic age decided were important (five banks are still calling the shots on this one anyway)? What if the whole world thought leaves were the most valuable good? I would be pretty rich at the moment if they were (obviously it is scarcity that creates value in a capitalist world so this be of little consequence – Brazil would simply become richer still). The debate about capitalism has become more visible in recent years after the catalyst of the boom and Thomas Piketty’s recent publication has caused this debate to resurface again.

This then led me on to the influence that names can have upon our economic performance and this (you can breath a sigh of relief) forms the subject for this article. Does it make a difference? And if so, why? I will cover the other subjects of youth unemployment and capitalism in later articles so watch out for those.

What is striking in the conversation concerning normlative determinism is Ian Salisbury’s reference to research on the coincidence of names in Oxbridge undergraduates, ‘advantageous names’ outnumber ‘made-up names’ by 80-1. So if you are an Elizabeth and applying to Oxbridge your fingers should be crossed with a justifiable hope; but if you are a Shane, Jade or Chelsea then you had better look elsewhere. 

Is this true? Well the research is conclusive and the impact that names have is without doubt; so, you had better choose wisely future parents for your babies' future is partly tied to their name. It could affect schools, jobs, and relationships. Let us look at this in more depth.

What does your name say about you?

Surely it is about the person? The qualities they show? The way they relate? Of course it is but the power a name holds is without question. How many books, religious articles, and scientific publications play with the concept of your name? Knowing your true name, name changing, and the effects that names have are all discussed.

However, is it the name or the fact that classes are likely to choose a certain set of names? It is not often that you find a Percival among the lower classes or a Chardonnay among the upper classes. They are certain social stigmas attached to them which neither class finds tasteful. Therefore it is not the name but the class. 

What would be interesting would be to assess the effect a divergent name has upon different classes. Yet, a human life is not some plaything to be meddled with and if I was the test subject I would find the whole affair rather disturbing. The luck is out on this one.

Or is it? David Figlio does conduct a test that draws out a conclusion on the effect of different names by analysing birth certificates and whether the baby’s mother will be a high school dropout (there is nothing wrong with that but it does have interesting implications). He finds that a name that a teacher perceives to have been given by ‘uneducated parents’ affects how the teacher reacts to the student – as though the parents have consigned the child to a certain fate. Pelham, and Mirenberg and Jones, substantiate these findings and argue that an individuals’ name strongly affects their residential location choices, career choices and spousal selections.

David Key’s comment on the concurrence of ‘a’ on the end of female names and thus her social economic class shows a remarkable similarity. Compare Sophie to Sophia, Susan to Susanna, Helen to Helena, Dianne to Dianna, and Frances to Francesca. The former is often of lower class to the later.

What about the other way around? George Osbourne’s original name was Gideon but he appeared anxious to change it to a more generic name so as to avoid issues at the poll. Clever chap!

Superfans also pose an interesting question. Just because you might have a devotion to a certain team does not mean that your children should be related to them - the consequences are more far-reaching then you can imagine. The story of the Manchester United obsessed mother today compounds this absurdity. What will the cats think?

Though you may deny it our names do have an influence on a lot of worldly factors. Of course there will be anomalies (it could even be you!) but evidently we all have a duty to take care in deciding the names of our offspring. You could contend that if you do not value economic wealth then this argument is rather flawed; your name should represent your group, your class or your heritage. Yet, to talk in terms of class, to participate in the capitalist world (though I appreciate it is rather difficult to do anything else), and to have a job, entails a stake in the significance of names.

I guess in however many years my offspring had better be name appropriately or someone will be redirecting me to this post (it might even be them!).

Thoughts? Has your name held you back? Does this make sense? Do you think this is right? 

Sunday 13 April 2014

The IPCC: A 'Weather Report' on the Climate Change Talks Today

With the report from the International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) issued today, the article by the World Review on China conveniently substantiates their findings. In the 2007 assessment it was the US that was seen as the world's top carbon polluter; but now China accounts for a quarter of the emissions. Though, clearly they are the most populated state in the world. 

So to help drive down these emissions what do you think we can do? It is a glorious sunny day but tomorrow might bring the storms of climate change and this is the warning we were looking for.



Money Talks?

According to the IPCC report the changes would be affordable. It would only cost the global economy 0.06% to implement off the global annual growth rates of 1.3 - 3%. Perhaps too far for governments at this time.
Oxfam's climate expert Jan Kowalzig said: "This report puts the fossil fuel companies and their financiers on notice: the era of fossil fuel energy is ending.”


So what next Jan?


Increase a reliance on renewable resources?


The answer to all our problems which is often advocated by the greens on our political plate. Yet the government steak (stake) in the plan has largely been reduced since their devotion to the Green Bank. With 16% agreeing that the Conservatives have completed their goals regarding being the 'greenest government ever', against 46% who disagree, it looks like the party has not become the environment best friend yet.
The appointment of Owen Paterson, a climate-change sceptic, as environment secretary compounds this issue. Paterson said in September 2013: 'People get very emotional about this subject and I think we should just accept that the climate has been changing for centuries.'


Thanks for that Owen!


Dr Stephan Singer, WWF director of global energy policy, states that: "Renewable energy can no longer be considered a niche market. Renewables must – and should – eventually take the full share of the global energy market within the next few decades."


Have a browse around the Natural Resources Defense Council (typical to make it sound like a war) for some work on renewable resources. Interesting analysis of America.



The IPCC is seen the leading voice on Climate Change but needs to consider recent research

What else?

Well we could always resort to pumping CO2 underground? Read the article here


Summary


If you want more of an overview then I suggest checking out the report. This is not my area of specialism but has always interested me. Would love the views of all to help develop this discussion. It is obvious that we need to do something but what is still the question we are asking!

Wednesday 2 April 2014

Do you? Did you? Who you?

This article is stylised in the format of three questions and aims to cover recent developments in the World Service.

Do you know what the World Service is?

Great, what an insightful question you just posed! However, if you are currently sneering because you already know then now is probably a good moment to move on to the section entitled ‘did you?’ Almost like walking into a seminar, deciding it wasn’t for you today, and relying on the readings to see you through.

So for us mere mortals the World Service is…

“The world's largest international broadcaster, broadcasting news, speech and discussions in 28 languages to many parts of the world on analogue and digital shortwave platforms, internet streaming, podcasting, satellite, FM and MW relays. The World Service was reported to have reached 188 million people a week on average in June 2009. It does not carry advertising, and the English language service broadcasts 24 hours a day.”

Right now, they are airing an insightful documentary on crypto wars which happens to be an interesting area of development for the future of security studies… just in case you were wondering.

However, the most important provision it provides is independent news to many states that have strict laws on media. For instance, if you happened to be in Zimbabwe right now, where all broadcasters transmitting from Zimbabwean soil, and many of the main newspapers, toe the government line, you would be able to get the world service.

It’s the BBC to the rest of the world that provides a forum for discussion and information.

The BBC of the world

Did you know that the World Service is paid for by your TV license?

Before yesterday the World Service was funded by the Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO). After all it was a tool to increase the recognition of the British across the world.

However, now the World Service is funded by the BBC.

Who you?

So what do you think? Is it okay that the BBC has taken on the role of the Foreign Office considering the recent cuts to BBC Three? Simply, the government has pushed the cost on to us to cut budgets in the FCO.

Personally, I think it is okay. Not that the government has pushed the cost on to the BBC but that international media is a long-term business and should benefit from the consistency the organisation has promised to provide. Whilst under the FCO the World Service lost around 14 million people as it dropped 5 languages due to budget cuts – not cool guys. It is the World Service’s ability to provide valuable news to those who may not have the right to understand why their states act the way they do that substantiates its existence. If we are committed to democracy then it should remain.

When I come to pay my TV licence I would have no issue in £10 of it going to help support this valuable service. I appreciate that a service that benefits others may not be preferential in such economic conditions but surely its worth looking beyond our current situation.

Help keep the megaphone for the voices of the world going and commit to the continued existence of the World Service.

Thoughts?